CFO Message

Achieving the current Medium-term
Management Plan targets while
balancing growth investments such
as generative AI for the next
Medium-term Management Plan

Board Director Executive Vice President & CFO

Kazuhiko Fujihara

Medium-term Management Plan

Review of FY2023 and outlook going forward

Medium-term Management Plan financial targets and actual
[Note]
  1. *1Net income attributable to owners of the Company

In FY2023, consolidated revenue reached a record high of ¥6,084.0 billion. Although consolidated operating income decreased due to the absence of the PayPay Corporation remeasurement gain of ¥294.8 billion, in terms of actual figures excluding this impact, we achieved double-digit growth of ¥110.7 billion (+15%) year on year. In addition to the core Consumer segment returning to profit growth, all segments reported higher profit. I believe we were able to achieve this growth because we pulled together as a team. In particular, I believe the market responded positively to the fact that we were able to turn around and get mobile service revenue back on a growth trajectory one year ahead of plan. We made a strong start in the first year of our Medium-term Management Plan, but we have not changed our final-year targets. This is because the business environment surrounding the Company is full of new growth opportunities, such as in the field of generative AI, and we want to lay the groundwork for the future. For the last three years, we had been curbing upfront investments partly due to the impact of mobile service price reductions and movement restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. We have finally emerged from this period of perseverance, and would like to use the anticipated profit growth as upfront investments to achieve substantial growth during the next Medium-term Management Plan period and beyond. Of course, we will firmly secure our current Medium-term Management Plan targets and balance them with growth investments.
The targets of our current Medium-term Management Plan, based on actual figures excluding the impact of the PayPay Corporation remeasurement gain, are a compound annual growth rate of 8% in operating income and 17% in net income from FY2022 (actual) to FY2025. These growth rates are by no means low, but our FY2023 results surpassed these target figures. I believe that our efforts have enabled us to further expand our options for future growth.

Consumer segment

Achieved profit growth of ¥30 billion through mobile service revenue returning to growth trajectory one year ahead of schedule

When we announced our Medium-term Management Plan, we planned to achieve profit growth by offsetting the drop in mobile service revenues resulting from mobile service price reductions with cost reductions, including reductions in depreciation and amortization. However, with people gradually going out more after the movement restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic were lifted in May 2023, we were able to fully leverage our strength in sales. As a result, we achieved net additions of 1.47 million smartphone subscribers in FY2023, reaching our smartphone cumulative subscriber target of 30 million in November 2023. In addition to acquiring new subscribers, we also worked to promote uptake of our value-added services through various sales efforts, and the number of customers switching from "SoftBank" to "Y!mobile" also decreased, resulting in a greater- than-expected slowdown in the drop in ARPU. As a result of these initiatives, mobile service revenue returned to growth one year ahead of schedule, with a profit increase of ¥33.1 billion (+7%) also aided by cost improvements.
Following the amendments to the Telecommunications Business Act in December 2023, the maximum discount on mobile devices (excluding tax) has been set to ¥40,000 even without line contracts. As a result, we expect to see a short-term boost in gross profit of mobile device sales, owing to lower mobile device discounts which are part of customer acquisition expenses. On the other hand, the effect of marketing measures related to mobile devices has weakened slightly, and this may have some impact on net additions of smartphone subscribers, but we will continue to work toward achieving net additions of 1 million smartphone subscribers per year, as we outlined in our Medium-term Management Plan.

Mobile service revenue/Number of smartphone subscribers

Enterprise segment

Double-digit growth in recurring revenue from business solution and others

In FY2023, operating income in the Enterprise segment increased 11% year on year, excluding one-time factors. This was mainly attributable to a 16% increase in the business solution and others revenue, driven by customer digitalization initiatives. We will continue to pursue double-digit compound annual growth rate in the business solution and others revenue during the current Medium-term Management Plan period. In FY2024, we will further promote initiatives in new business fields such as generative AI services, data centers, and cloud services, while pursuing growth through the synergy generated by making SB Technology Corp. a wholly owned subsidiary.

Media & EC segment

Achieved renewed growth by improving business efficiency and enhancing service origins

Kazuhiko Fujihara

In the Media & EC segment, alongside an increase in account advertising revenue, efforts of cost optimization centered on the commerce business and selective focus in strategic businesses proved successful, with segment income increasing 24% year on year in FY2023. This substantially contributed to the increase in the Company's consolidated operating income. In FY2024, we expect to continue boosting profits by approximately ¥30 billion year on year, mainly by enhancing service origins such as by revamping the "LINE" and "Yahoo! JAPAN" apps, in order to drive renewed growth in search, advertising, commerce, and other services.
In response to the information leakage due to unauthorized access disclosed in November 2023, LY Corporation plans to allocate approximately ¥15 billion in FY2024 for robust security enhancements. As the parent company, we will also examine and promote measures to ensure effective security governance.

Financial segment

Aiming to turn profitable in FY2024 by pursuing a balance between growth and profitability

Financial segment operating income

In FY2023, the Financial segment recorded segment loss of ¥5 billion. However, it marked profit improvement of ¥7.4 billion year on year, which greatly contributed to the upward revision of consolidated results. Assuming PayPay Corporation, which was consolidated from the second half of FY2022, had been consolidated from the beginning of FY2022, the increase in profit would have been even larger at ¥21.6 billion.
Consolidated gross merchandise value (GMV) for "PayPay" increased 22% year on year to ¥12.5 trillion. While it may seem that growth has slowed compared to the 34% growth seen in FY2022, the growth rate in FY2023 remained elevated when adjusted for the uplift from the Japanese government's My Number Points campaign implemented in FY2022. "PayPay" registered users grew 11% year on year to 63.04 million, with the number of payments and the transaction unit price per user also steadily increasing. "PayPay" has already secured two-thirds of the market share in the solidly growing code payment domain, and with the addition of credit card payments from PayPay Card Corporation, GMV is continuing to grow. The future looks increasingly promising. We will not content with holding the “No. 1 position in code payments,” and aim to further enhance lineup of financial services by combining "PayPay" with credit card transactions, thereby increasing our earning power. Furthermore, the GMV of SB Payment Service Corp., which provides settlement services, increased 19% to approximately ¥8 trillion. This growth was largely driven by a 25% increase in non-telecommunications areas.
With the growth of PayPay Corporation and SB Payment Service Corp., we are expecting the Financial segment to turn profitable in FY2024.

Cost management

Relentless cost-cutting efforts helped secure profits

We are successively launching businesses in growth areas, but our basic cost management policy is to “keep costs flat” by maintaining fixed costs at a certain level while sourcing capital for growth from within the Group.
In FY2023, our consolidated operating income increased by ¥110.7 billion, but this actually included approximately ¥60 billion in cost reduction at SoftBank on a standalone basis, surpassing top-line growth. In addition to an approximate impact of ¥40 billion brought by the reduction in depreciation and amortization in the Consumer segment, our relentless cost reduction efforts are steadily paying off even as prices rise. For example, we thoroughly implemented measures such as stepping up our centralized purchasing functions, where we carefully examine how much of each item we truly need across the entire Group, then purchase them in bulk. We believe that rolling out the cost management expertise cultivated at the Company over to LY Corporation also helped boost profits in the Media & EC segment to a certain extent. In addition, since human resource productivity has a major impact on profitability, we are also working to optimize personnel allocation and streamline operations using AI.
On the other hand, in order to reduce the costs associated with the rollout of our 5G network, we released a joint announcement on May 8, 2024 with KDDI Corporation to expand the scope of our collaboration for the joint build-out of 5G networks. Specifically, we will expand the scope of our collaboration from rural areas to areas nationwide. In addition to collaboration efforts for 5G, we will also move forward with discussions on mutually utilizing 4G base station assets. By expanding the scope of this collaboration, we expect to achieve cumulative cost reductions of ¥120 billion by FY2030. In this way, we will enhance our cost competitiveness by collaborating even with competitors where possible. Furthermore, in FY2024, we also expect to see a reduction in network operating costs following the termination of services such as 3G, ADSL and PHS.

Financial strategy

Diversification of capital allocation and fundraising

Primary free cash flow
[Notes]
  1. *2Excludes investments which take longer to recoup,
    such as those in AI computing infrastructure
  2. *3Excludes free cash flow of A Holdings Corporation,
    LY Corporation and its subsidiaries, B Holdings
    Corporation, PayPay Corporation, PayPay Card
    Corporation and PayPay Securities Corporation, etc.
    as well as loans to Board Directors, etc.; includes
    dividend payments received from A Holdings
    Corporation and investment in PayPay Securities
    Corporation

As mentioned earlier, we are seeing improvements in the profitability of our mobile business ahead of schedule, and initiatives in other businesses are also progressing smoothly. Accordingly, we expect adjusted EBITDA and operating cash flow to increase steadily going forward. Meanwhile, we have completed the rollout of 5G coverage, and for the time being we expect to be able to keep annual capital expenditures in the Consumer segment and Enterprise segment at around ¥330 billion. As a result, we believe that we will be able to maintain primary free cash flow, which refers to adjusted free cash flow before making growth investments in generative AI, Next-generation Social Infrastructure, and other areas, will continue to significantly exceed the current total shareholder returns of approximately ¥400 billion. We will continue to focus on generating this primary free cash flow, as it is the source of funding for maintaining a high level of shareholder returns.
Our basic capital allocation approach is to secure a high level of primary free cash flow each year, and to have several tens of billions of yen left over after deducting base station leasing fees and dividends paid from financing cash flow, so that we have options for additional growth investments and financial improvements. In FY2023, we prioritized additional growth investments. Specifically, we made Ireland-based Cubic Telecom Ltd. a subsidiary by acquiring a 51% stake in the company for ¥76.1 billion in March 2024. Cubic Telecom Ltd. provides an IoT platform for connected cars and software-defined connected vehicles (SDCVs), and we believe it has great potential. From the perspective of long-term capital management and operation, we financed the acquisition of Cubic Telecom Ltd. by taking out long-term loans of ¥38 billion from the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) and ¥38 billion from four Japanese financial institutions. Although this was our first loan from JBIC, it was recognized as an investment contributing to the healthy development of both the Japanese and international economic society, leading to a loan with a very long-term. Cubic Telecom Ltd.'s business is linked to the development cycle of automobiles, and will require a certain amount of time before producing results. Accordingly, we thought that we should finance it over a long-term. The loan matches our needs and we are very grateful for receiving it.
In the future, we plan to flexibly utilize fundraising methods such as Bond-Type Class Shares and long-term loans to meet the need for major long-term funds, mainly for growth investments in generative AI and Next-generation Social Infrastructure, while also continuing to provide shareholder returns of around ¥400 billion. The Series 1 Bond-Type Class Shares issued in November 2023 (¥120 billion) have a call (repurchase) option that can be exercised after five years, and they are considered 100% equity from an accounting perspective without diluting the voting rights of common shares. As such, it is a good fit for long-term growth investments, and of the funds raised in this series, approximately ¥110 billion (after taking into account subsidies from Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry's “Cloud Program”) will be allocated to AI computing infrastructure. We believe that the capital expenditures needed to maintain and improve the competitiveness of our existing mobile service business, as well as dividends, should be covered by operating cash flow each fiscal year. However, we also believe that it is crucial to strategically combine a variety of fundraising methods for growth investments aimed at generating additional earnings, while taking into account the amount and repayment period.

Financial discipline and cost of equity

We are making full use of financial leverage while maintaining high credit ratings of “A+” from Rating and Investment Information, Inc. (R&I) and “AA−” from Japan Credit Rating Agency, Ltd. (JCR). As a result, our ROE has remained high at 21% (FY2023 actual) and our P/B ratio has been well above 1.0x, at 3.9x (as of the end of FY2023). Financial discipline is important in maintaining a high credit rating while ensuring financial soundness. We focus on the adjusted net leverage ratio (NLR)*4, which is the ratio of net interest-bearing debt to adjusted EBITDA, and aim to maintain it in the mid-2x range. Although there may be a temporary increase in the adjusted NLR figure as a result of borrowing for upfront investment, we will continue to focus on keeping it at the 2x level. As of the end of FY2023, our shareholders' equity stood at approximately ¥2.4 trillion, which is a fairly substantial level in absolute terms, but our equity ratio was in the 15% range, which is somewhat lower than that of our competitors. Going forward, we aim to maintain a high level of dividends while steadily increasing net income and building up our shareholders' equity.
We are taking full advantage of debt to reduce our weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The WACC for the Company as a whole is around 5%, and we regularly review this figure. Meanwhile, in new businesses that differ in nature from our existing telecommunications business, the business risks vary significantly. Therefore, when we make investment decisions, we look for returns that substantially exceed 5%. In particular, as investments in the aforementioned new business related to generative AI are large, we will work closely with the business department to review and monitor the business plan properly in order to make it a pillar of earnings as soon as possible.

[Note]
  1. *4Excludes net interest-bearing debt and adjusted EBITDA of A Holdings Corporation, LY Corporation and its subsidiaries, B Holdings Corporation, PayPay Corporation, PayPay Card Corporation, and PayPay Securities Corporation, etc., as well as the interest-bearing debt of securitization of installment sales receivables, and cash reserve for securitization of sales receivables
Kazuhiko Fujihara

Equity story

Balancing medium- to long-term growth with high levels of shareholder returns

Net leverage ratio*5
[Notes]
  1. *5Net leverage ratio = Net interest-bearing debt / Adjusted EBITDA
    (last 12 months for the relevant quarter)
  2. *6In the second quarter of FY2023, the definition has been changed
    and PayPay Securities Corporation and PPSC Investment Service
    Corporation have been included in “LY, PayPay, etc.”
    In accordance with this change, figures for the first quarter of
    FY2023 have been retrospectively adjusted.

We place great importance on engaging in dialogue with our shareholders and investors, and I myself conduct dozens of meetings each year. Previously, there was a lot of focus on whether we would be able to continue providing high levels of shareholder returns. Recently, I can really feel the high expectations for our growth, based on the business opportunities presented in the rapidly evolving field of generative AI. We will be continuously committed to delivering high levels of shareholder returns while meeting those expectations.
The Company upholds the balance of business growth and shareholder returns as our equity story. We focus on total shareholder return (TSR) as a management indicator that clearly highlights this, and it is tied to medium-term remuneration of Board Directors. Specifically, the remuneration is designed to be linked to a coefficient calculated based on the Company's actual three-year TSR and TOPIX comparisons, creating a system that enables management to share a common perspective with shareholders.

Message to the equity market

Conveying the future through numbers to evaluate our growth strategy

Share price and cumulative dividends paid

In FY2023, mobile service revenue returned to growth one year ahead of schedule, which I believe alleviated concerns about the sustainability of shareholder returns. This also has contributed to the recent rise in our share price, and, as a result, led to a significant increase in TSR. While we feel that appreciation for the "Beyond Carrier" strategy is gradually rising, I also believe that we need to work to gain the understanding of our shareholders and investors regarding our growth strategy centered on Next-generation Social Infrastructure. As the CFO responsible for navigating the Company onto a growth trajectory, I aim to convey numbers in a future-oriented way, ensuring that shareholders and investors can properly evaluate our growth potential.